Strategies of Remembering in Greece Under Rome (100 BC - 100 AD)

At the beginning of the first century BC Athens was an independent city bound to Rome through a friendship alliance. By the end of the first century AD the city had been incorporated into the Roman province of Achaea. Along with Athenian independence perished the notion of Greek self-rule. The rest of Achaea was ruled by the governor of Macedonia already since 146 BC, but the numerous defections of Greek cities during the first century BC show that Roman rule was not yet viewed as inevitable. In spite of the definitive loss of self-rule this was not a period of decline. Attica and the Peloponnese were special regions because of their legacy as cultural and religious centres of the Mediterranean. Supported by this legacy communities and individuals engaged actively with the increasing presence of Roman rule and its representatives. The archaeological and epigraphic records attest to the continued economic vitality of the region: buildings, statues, and lavish tombs were still being constructed. There is hence need to counterbalance the traditional discourses of weakness on Roman Greece, and to highlight how acts of remembering were employed as resources in this complex political situation. The legacy of Greece defined Greek and Roman responses to the changing relationship. Both parties looked to the past in shaping their interactions, but how this was done varied widely. Sulla fashioned himself after the tyrant-slayers Harmodius and Aristogeiton, while Athenian ephebes evoked the sea-battles of the Persian Wars to fashion their valour. This interdisciplinary volume traces strategies of remembering in city building, funerary culture, festival and association, honorific practices, Greek literature, and political ideology. The variety of these strategies attests to the vitality of the region. In times of transition the past cannot be ignored: actors use what came before, in diverse and complex ways, in order to build the present. Contents Preface: Relaunching the Publications of the Netherlands Institute at Athens Series Winfred van de Put, director of the Netherlands Institute at Athens Introduction Tamara M. Dijkstra, Inger N.I. Kuin, Muriel Moser, and David Weidgenannt Part I: Building Remembrance 1. Roman Greece and the 'Mnemonic Turn'. Some Critical Remarks Dimitris Grigoropoulos, Valentina Di Napoli, Vassilis Evangelidis, Francesco Camia, Dylan Rogers and Stavros Vlizos 2. Strategies of Remembering in the Creation of a Colonial Society in Patras Tamara M. Dijkstra 3. Contending with the Past in Roman Corinth: The Julian Basilica Catherine de Grazia Vanderpool and Paul D. Scotton Part II: Competing with the Past 4. Heritage Societies? Private Associations in Roman Greece Benedikt Eckhardt 5. Performing the Past: Salamis, Naval Contests and the Athenian Ephebeia Zahra Newby 6. Greek Panhellenic Agones in a Roman Colony: Corinth and the Return of the Isthmian Games Lavinia del Basso Part III: Honoring Tradition 7. Heroes of Their Times. Intra-Mural Burials in the Urban Memorial Landscapes of the Roman Peloponnese Johannes Fouquet 8. Public Statues as a Strategy of Remembering in Early Imperial Messene Christopher Dickenson 9. Shortages, Remembering and the Construction of Time: Aspects of Greek Honorific Culture (2nd century BC - 1st century AD) David Weidgenannt Part IV: History in Athens 10. Anchoring Political Change in Post-Sullan Athens Inger N.I. Kuin 11. Reused Statues for Roman Friends: The Past as a Political Resource in Roman Athens Muriel Moser 12. Strategies of Remembering in Greece under Rome: Some Conclusions Inger N.I. Kuin and Muriel Moser Conclusion: Change and Remembering in Roman Greece I.N.I. Kuin, M. Moser